英语笔记（四十二）
本节课的重点有两个，一个是 try to do 和 manage to do 的区别，
第二个是要记得使用 How did you manage 的组合。
先说第一个，try to do 我们在上节课已经学过，可以理解为是“尽
力“或者”尽量“做某件事情，但是这件事是否成功完成了？这个组合没有
表明，只是表示会尽力做。举个例子，I will try to solve this problem. 这
句话说表达的含义是我将会尽力解决这个问题。至于问题到底有没有被
解决，答案是不一定。如果我们把“try”这个词改为“manage”，这句话就
变成了 I will manage to solve this problem. 含义为我将会想方设法地
成功解决这个问题，类似一个保证，我将会一定解决这个问题，所以，
这句话所表达的含义比前面那句话更为笃定，完全相信自己会解决这个
问题。
第二个要点，How did you manage 后面可以加上不定式来构成很
多句型，但含义都是类似的，就是在询问“你过去是如何成功地做成某
件事情的”。因此这个组合是一个非常常见且有用的表达方式。比如：
How did you manage to do it?
How did you manage to get here so quickly?
下面，我们在连词成句的练习中来体会它们的详细区别。
1
中文
英文
K.K.音标
这个
this
/ðɪs/
问题
problem
/‘prɑbləm/
这个问题
this problem
/ðɪs/ /‘prɑbləm/
解决
to solve
/tə/ /sɑlv/
解决这个问题
to solve this problem
/tə/ /sɑlv/ /ðɪs/ /‘prɑbləm/
应该
should
/ʃʊd/
我们应该
we should
/wi/ /ʃʊd/
尝试
to try
/tə/ /traɪ/
我们应该尝试
we should try
/wi/ /ʃʊd/ /traɪ/
解决这个问题
to solve this problem
/tə/ /sɑlv/ /ðɪs/ /‘prɑbləm/
我们应该尝试解决这个问题
we should try to solve this problem
/wi/ /ʃʊd/ /traɪ/ /tə/ /sɑlv/ /ðɪs/ /‘prɑbləm/
很快
soon
/sun/
可能
possible
/‘pɑsəbl/
尽可能地快
as soon as possible
/əz/ /sun/ /əz/ /‘pɑsəbl/
我们应该尝试尽快解决这个问题
we should try to solve this problem as soon as possible
/wi/ /ʃʊd/ /traɪ/ /tə/ /sɑlv/ /ðɪs/ /‘prɑbləm/ /əz/ /sun/ /əz/ /‘pɑsəbl/
将会
will
/wɪl/
我将会尝试解决这个问题
I will try to solve this problem
/aɪ/ /wɪl/ /traɪ/ /tə/ /sɑlv/ /ðɪs/ /‘prɑbləm/
设法做到
to manage
/tə/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
我将会设法解决这个问题
I will manage to solve this problem
/aɪ/ /wɪl/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /sɑlv/ /ðɪs/ /‘prɑbləm/
家庭作业
homework
/’homwɝk/
我的家庭作业
my homework
/maɪ/ /’homwɝk/
完成
to finish
/tə/ /ˈfɪnɪʃ/
完成我的家庭作业
to finish my home work
/tə/ /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ /maɪ/ /’homwɝk/
我将会尝试完成我的家庭作业
I will try to finish my homework
/aɪ/ /wɪl/ /traɪ/ /tə/ /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ /maɪ/ /’homwɝk/
就寝时间
bedtime
/‘bɛdtaɪm/
在……之前
before
/bɪ’fɔr/
在睡觉之前
before bedtime
/bɪ’fɔr/ /‘bɛdtaɪm/
我将会尝试在睡觉之前完成我的家庭作业
I will try to finish my homework before bedtime
/aɪ/ /wɪl/ /traɪ/ /tə/ /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ /maɪ/ /’homwɝk/ /bɪ’fɔr/ /‘bɛdtaɪm/
设法做到
to manage
/tə/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
我将会设法在睡觉之前完成我的家庭作业
I will manage to finish my homework before bedtime
/aɪ/ /wɪl/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ /maɪ/ /’homwɝk/ /bɪ’fɔr/ /‘bɛdtaɪm/
设法做到
to manage
/tə/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
做
to do
/tə/ /du/
做这件事
to do it
/tə/ /du/ /ɪt/
你做这件事
you do it
/ju/ /du/ /ɪt/
2
没有
don’t
/dont/
你没有做这件事
you don’t do it
/ju/ /dont/ /du/ /ɪt/
你有做这件事
you do do it
/ju/ /du/ /du/ /ɪt/
你没有做这件事
you don’t do it
/ju/ /dont/ /du/ /ɪt/
(过去)没有
didn’t
/ˈdɪdnt/
你(过去)没有做这件事
you didn’t do it
/ju/ /ˈdɪdnt/ /du/ /ɪt/
你(过去)有做这件事
you did do it
/ju/ /dɪd/ /du/ /ɪt/
你(过去)有做这件事吗？
did you do it?
/dɪd/ /ju/ /du/ /ɪt/
如何
how
/haʊ/
你(过去)如何做这件事的？
how did you do it？
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /du/ /ɪt/
设法做到
to manage
/tə/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
你(过去)如何设法做到这件事的？
how did you manage to do it?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /du/ /ɪt/
你(过去)如何设法做到……
how did you manage…
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
到达
to get
/tə/ /ɡɛt/
这里
here
/hɪr/
到达这里
to get here
/tə/ /ɡɛt/ /hɪr/
迅速地
quickly
/ˈkwɪklɪ/
如此
so
/so/
如此迅速地
so quickly
/so/ /ˈkwɪklɪ/
如此迅速地到达这里
to get here so quickly
/tə/ /ɡɛt/ /hɪr/ /so/ /ˈkwɪklɪ/
你(过去)如何设法做到
how did you manage
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
你(过去)如何设法做到如此迅
how did you manage to get here
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /ɡɛt/ /hɪr/
速地到达这里的？
so quickly?
/so/ /ˈkwɪklɪ/
你(过去)如何设法做到
how did you manage
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
钱
money
/ˈmʌni/
做
to make
/tə/ /mek/
赚钱
to make money
/tə/ /mek/ /ˈmʌni/
如此
so
/so/
多
much
/mʌtʃ/
如此多
so much
/so/ /mʌtʃ/
钱
money
/ˈmʌni/
如此多的钱
so much money
/so/ /mʌtʃ/ /ˈmʌni/
做
to make
/tə/ /mek/
赚如此多的钱
to make so much money
/tə/ /mek/ /so/ /mʌtʃ/ /ˈmʌni/
你(过去)如何设法做到
how did you manage
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
你(过去)如何设法做到赚如此多的钱的？
how did you manage to make so much money?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /mek/ /so/ /mʌtʃ/ /ˈmʌni/
时间
time
/taɪm/
短
short
/ʃɔrt/
一段短的时间
a short time
/ə/ /ʃɔrt/ /taɪm/
在……里
in
/ɪn/
在一段短的时间里
in a short time
/ɪn/ /ə/ /ʃɔrt/ /taɪm/
3
如此
such
/sʌtʃ/
在一段如此短的时间里
in such a short time
/ɪn/ /sʌtʃ/ /ə/ /ʃɔrt/ /taɪm/
你(过去)如何设法做到赚如此多的钱的？
how did you manage to make so much money?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /mek/ /so/ /mʌtʃ/ /ˈmʌni/
你(过去)如何设法做到在一段如此短的时间里赚如此多的钱的？
how did you manage to make so much money in such a short time?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /mek/ /so/ /mʌtʃ/ /ˈmʌni/ /ɪn/ /sʌtʃ/ /ə/ /ʃɔrt/ /taɪm/
写
to write
/tə/ /raɪt/
这本书
this book
/ðɪs/ /bʊk/
写这本书
to write this book
/tə/ /raɪt/ /ðɪs/ /bʊk/
你(过去)如何设法做到
how did you manage
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
你(过去)如何设法做到写这本书的？
how did you manage to write this book?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /raɪt/ /ðɪs/ /bʊk/
监狱
prison
/ˈprɪzn/
在监狱里
in prison
/ɪn/ /ˈprɪzn/
你
you
/ju/
你在监狱里
you are in prison
/ju/ /ɚ/ /ɪn/ /ˈprɪzn/
你(过去)在监狱里
you were in prison
/ju/ /wɚ/ /ɪn/ /ˈprɪzn/
当
when
/wɛn/
当你(过去)在监狱里
when you were in prison
/wɛn/ /ju/ /wɚ/ /ɪn/ /ˈprɪzn/
你(过去)如何设法做到写这本书的？
how did you manage to write this book?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /raɪt/ /ðɪs/ /bʊk/
你(过去)如何设法做到写这本书的当你(过去)在监狱里？
how did you manage to write this book when you were in prison?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /raɪt/ /ðɪs/ /bʊk/ /wɛn/ /ju/ /wɚ/ /ɪn/ /ˈprɪzn/
说话
to speak
/tə/ /spik/
演讲
speaking
/‘spikɪŋ/
公开的
public
/ˈpʌblɪk/
公开演讲
public speaking
/ˈpʌblɪk/ /‘spikɪŋ/
恐惧
fear
/fɪr/
公开演讲的恐惧
fear of public speaking
/fɪr/ /əv/ /ˈpʌblɪk/ /‘spikɪŋ/
你的公开演讲的恐惧
your fear of public speaking
/jʊr/ /fɪr/ /əv/ /ˈpʌblɪk/ /‘spikɪŋ/
克服
to overcome
/tə/ /ˌovɚˈkʌm/
克服你的公开演讲的恐惧
to overcome your fear of public speaking
/tə/ /ˌovɚˈkʌm/ /jʊr/ /fɪr/ /əv/ /ˈpʌblɪk/ /‘spikɪŋ/
你(过去)如何设法做到
how did you manage
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
你(过去)如何设法做到克服你的公开演讲的恐惧的？
how did you manage to overcome your fear of public speaking?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /ˌovɚˈkʌm/ /jʊr/ /fɪr/ /əv/ /ˈpʌblɪk/ /‘spikɪŋ/
工作
work
/wɝk/
生活
life
/laɪf/
工作和生活
work and life
/wɝk/ /ənd/ /laɪf/
在……之间
between
/bɪ’twin/
4
在工作和生活之间
between work and life
/bɪ’twin/ /wɝk/ /ənd/ /laɪf/
平衡
the balance
/ðə/ /‘bæləns/
在工作和生活之间的平衡
the balance between work and life
/ðə/ /‘bæləns/ /bɪ’twin/ /wɝk/ /ənd/ /laɪf/
保持
to keep
/tə/ /kip/
保持在工作和生活之间的平衡
to keep the balance between work and life
/tə/ /kip/ /ðə/ /‘bæləns/ /bɪ’twin/ /wɝk/ /ənd/ /laɪf/
你(过去)如何设法做到
how did you manage
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
你(过去)如何设法做到保持在工作和生活之间的平衡的？
how did you manage to keep the balance between work and life?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /kip/ /ðə/ /‘bæləns/ /bɪ’twin/ /wɝk/ /ənd/ /laɪf/
钱
money
/ˈmʌni/
足够的
enough
/ɪ’nʌf/
足够的钱
enough money
/ɪ’nʌf/ /ˈmʌni/
存
to save
/tə/ /sev/
存足够的钱
to save enough money
/tə/ /sev/ /ɪ’nʌf/ /ˈmʌni/
度假
vacation
/veˈkeʃn/
那个度假
that vacation
/ðæt/ /veˈkeʃn/
为那个度假存足够的钱
to save enough money for that vacation
/tə/ /sev/ /ɪ’nʌf/ /ˈmʌni/ /ðæt/ /veˈkeʃn/
你(过去)如何设法做到
how did you manage
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/
你(过去)如何设法做到为那个度假存足够的钱的？
how did you manage to save enough money for that vacation?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /sev/ /ɪ’nʌf/ /ˈmʌni/ /ðæt/ /veˈkeʃn/
短
short
/ʃɔrt/
一段短的时间
a short time
/ə/ /ʃɔrt/ /taɪm/
在一段短的时间里
in a short time
/ɪn/ /ə/ /ʃɔrt/ /taɪm/
在一段如此短的时间里
in such a short time
/ɪn/ /sʌtʃ/ /ə/ /ʃɔrt/ /taɪm/
你(过去)如何设法做到为那个度假存足够的钱的？
how did you manage to save enough money for that vacation?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /sev/ /ɪ’nʌf/ /ˈmʌni/ /ðæt/ /veˈkeʃn/
你(过去)如何设法做到在一段如此短的时间里为那个度假存足够的钱的？
how did you manage to save enough money for that vacation in such a short time?
/haʊ/ /dɪd/ /ju/ /ˈmænɪdʒ/ /tə/ /sev/ /ɪ’nʌf/ /ˈmʌni/ /ðæt/ /veˈkeʃn/ /ɪn/ /sʌtʃ/ /ə/ /ʃɔrt/ /taɪm/
5
| 中文 | 原形 | 第三人称单数 | 过去式 | ing形式 | ed形式 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 想要 | want | wants | wanted | wanting | wanted |
| 喜欢 | like | likes | liked | liking | liked |
| 有；(+to)不得不 | have | has | had | having | had |
| 计划 | plan | plans | planned | planning | planned |
| 需要 | need | needs | needed | needing | needed |
| 做 | do | does | did | doing | done |
| 告诉 | tell | tells | told | telling | told |
| 说话 | talk | talks | talked | talking | talked |
| 是 | be(am) | is | was | being | been |
| 是 | be(is) | is | was | being | been |
| 是 | be(are) | is | were | being | been |
| 看到 | see | sees | saw | seeing | seen |
| 吃 | eat | eats | ate | eating | eaten |
| 喝 | drink | drinks | drank | drinking | drunk |
| 知道 | know | knows | knew | knowing | known |
| 忘记 | forget | forgets | forgot | forgetting | forgotten |
| 失去 | lose | loses | lost | losing | lost |
| 离开 | leave | leaves | left | leaving | left |
| 睡觉 | sleep | sleeps | slept | sleeping | slept |
| 明白 | understand | understands | understood | understand | understood |
| 买 | buy | buys | bought | buying | bought |
| 洗 | wash | washes | washed | washing | washed |
| 打电话 | call | calls | called | calling | called |
| 帮助 | help | helps | helped | helping | helped |
| 相信 | believe | believes | believed | believing | believed |
| 学习 | study | studies | studied | studying | studied |
| 解释 | explain | explains | explained | explaining | explained |
| 问 | ask | asks | asked | asking | asked |
| 飞 | fly | flies | flew | flying | flown |
| 阅读 | read | reads | read | reading | read |
| 走路 | walk | walks | walked | walking | walked |
| 跳舞 | dance | dances | danced | dancing | danced |
| 回答 | answer | answers | answered | answering | answerwd |
| 工作 | work | works | worked | working | worked |
| 待在 | stay | stays | stayed | staying | stayed |
| 支付 | pay | pays | paid | paying | paid |
| 旅行 | travel | travels | traveled | traveling | traveled |
| 给 | give | gives | gave | giving | given |
| 达到 | get | gets | got | getting | got |
| 锁 | loke | locks | locked | locking | locked |
| 记得 | remember | remenbers | remembered | remembering | remembered |
| 清理 | clean | cleans | cleaned | cleaning | cleaned |
| 找到 | find | finds | found | finding | found |
| 关闭 | close | closes | closed | closing | closed |
| 教 | teach | teaches | taught | teaching | taught |
| 展示 | show | shows | showed | showing | shown |
| 让 | let | lets | let | letting | let |
| 休息 | rest | rests | rested | resting | rested |
| 用 | use | uses | used | using | used |
| 做饭 | cook | cooks | cooked | cooking | cooked |
| 去 | go | goes | went | going | gone |
| 决定 | decide | decides | decided | deciding | decided |
| 驾驶 | drive | drives | drove | driving | driven |
| 改变 | change | changes | changed | changing | changed |
| 尝试 | try | tries | tried | trying | tried |
| 停止 | stop | stops | Stopped | stopping | stopped |
| 参加 | join | joins | joined | joining | joined |
| 邀请 | invite | invites | invited | inviting | invited |
| 拒绝 | refuse | refuses | refused | refusing | refused |
| 接受 | accept | accepts | accepted | accepting | accepted |
| 学习 | learn | learns | learnt | learning | learnt |
| 完成 | finish | finishes | finished | finishing | finished |
| 看 | watch | watches | watched | watching | watched |
| 游泳 | swim | swims | swam | swimming | swum |
| 掌握 | master | masters | mastered | mastering | mastered |
| 购物 | shop | shops | shopped | shopping | shopped |
| 等待 | wait | waits | waited | waiting | waited |
| 讨论 | discuss | discusses | Discussed | discussing | discussed |
| 面对 | face | faces | faced | facing | faced |
| 解决 | solve | solves | solved | solving | solved |
| 疑惑 | wonder | wonders | wondered | wondering | wondered |
| 递给 | hand | hands | handed | handing | handed |
| 玩 | play | plays | played | playing | played |
| 跑 | run | runs | ran | running | run |
| 挑战 | challenge | challenges | challenged | challenging | challenged |
| 希望 | hope | hopes | hoped | hoping | hoped |
| 见到 | meet | meets | met | meeting | met |
| 打开 | open | opens | opened | opening | opened |
| 认为 | think | thinks | thought | thinking | thought |
| 说话 | speak | speaks | spoke | speaking | spoken |
| 看 | look | looks | looked | looking | looked |
| 听 | hear | hears | heard | hearing | heard |
| 强迫 | force | forces | forced | forcing | forced |
| 操作 | handle | handles | handled | handling | handled |
| 握 | hold | holds | held | holding | held |
| 做 | make | makes | made | making | made |
| 承诺 | promise | promises | promised | promising | promised |
| 保持 | keep | keeps | kept | keeping | kept |
| 钓鱼 | fish | fishes | fished | fishing | fished |
| 保存 | save | saves | saved | saving | saved |
| 注意到 | notice | notices | noticed | noticing | noticed |
| 退出 | quit | quits | quit/quitted | quitting | quit/quitted |
| 抽烟 | smoke | smokes | smoked | smoking | smoked |
| 更喜欢 | prefer | prefers | preferred | preferring | preferred |
| 爱 | love | loves | loved | loving | Loved |
| 打破 | break | breaks | broke | breaking | broken |
| 享受 | enjoy | enjoys | enjoyed | enjoying | enjoyed |
| 练习 | practice | practices | practiced | practicing | practiced |
| 改善 | improve | improves | improved | improving | improved |
| 分享 | share | shares | shaed | sharing | shared |
| 假装 | pretend | pretends | pretended | pretending | pretended |
| 撒谎 | lie | lies | lied | lying | lied |
| 否认 | deny | denies | denied | denying | denied |
| 作画 | paint | paints | painted | painting | painted |
| 偷 | steal | steals | stole | stealing | stolen |
| 承认 | admit | admits | admitted | admitting | admitted |
| 避免 | avoid | avoids | avoided | avoiding | avoided |
| 感觉 | feel | feels | felt | feeling | felt |
| 复制 | copy | copies | copied | copying | copied |
| 保持 | maintain | maintains | maintained | maintaining | maintained |
| 伤害 | hurt | hurts | hurt | hurting | hurt |
| 乘坐 | take | takes | took | taking | taken |
| 保护 | protect | protects | protected | protecting | protected |
| 允许 | permit | permits | permitted | permitting | permitted |
| 禁止 | prohibit | prohibits | prohibited | prohibiting | prohibited |
| 笑 | laugh | laughs | laughed | laughing | laughed |
| 唱歌 | sing | sings | sang | singing | sung |
| 沉浸 | immerse | immerses | immersed | immersing | immersed |
| 骑自行车 | cycle | cycles | cycled | cycling | cycled |
| 参加 | attend | attends | attended | attending | attended |
| 举起 | lift | lifts | lifted | lifting | lifted |
| 设法做到 | manage | manges | managed | managing | managed |
| 写 | write | writes | wrote | writing | written |
| 克服 | overcome | overcome | overcame | overcoming | overcome |
1. 你（过去）如何设法成功找到你的丢失的钥匙的？
2. 你（过去）如何设法成功学习一门新的语言的？
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