英语笔记（四十五）
我们这节课的学习重点还是由现在完成时态构成的，前面的课程
中，我们已经掌握了这个时态就是由 have+done 构成的，所表达的含
义是“对于现在这个时间点来说，已经完成了某个动作”。其中的“done”
就是 do 的 ed 形式，也就是过去分词的形式。
如果我们把“done”换成“been”，即构成 have+been 的格式，那么就
可以理解为“已经是……”，因为“been”的原型就是“be”，可以简单地翻译
为“是”。
举两个例子，“I have been a teacher for five years.”可以理解为“我
已经是一名老师五年了。” “He has been sick for a week.”翻译为“他已经
生病一星期了。”这两句话的理解方式和我们前面学习的 have+done 是
相同的，只是 done 的含义替换为了 been。
其中，这两句话里的“teacher”和“sick”分别是名词和形容词，如果我
们把 been 后面的词换成一个表示地点的词，比如“here”，整句话就变
成了“I have been here.”这句话也可以按照我们之前的理解方式，理解
为“我已经在这里了。”
1
但是，还可以有另外一种理解方式，那就是“我以前有过来到这里
的经历。” 也就是说，之前的某个时间，我曾经到过这里并且离开。把
“here”换成“there”或者“abroad”，都是类似的理解方式。这里需要注意
的是 here、there 以及 abroad 这三个词都是用来表示地方信息的词，
也就是地点副词，而不是名词。因此，如果我们想要表达去到的某个地
方时名词的时候，需要添加“to”来把这个名词转化为“非名词”。比如“that
place”、“that store”以及国家名“Japan”、“Canada”。
这几个句子分别为 I have been to that place. I have been to that
store. I have been to Japan. I have been to Canada.一定要记得“to”的存
在。
我们又在这节课中学习了一个否定意味非常强的词“never”，所表达
的含义是“从来没有“。因此可以把 never 放在 have 后面变成否定句。比
如，You have never been to Canada.
这句话中“be”是主要的动词，“have”以及“be”的 ed 形式共同构成现
在完成时态，因此“have”这个词是来帮忙的，可以把它称为“助动词”。
如果想要把这句陈述内容的句子变成问句，只需要把“have”这个助动词
放在最前面就可以了。
整句话就变成了 Have you never been to Canada?翻译为“你从来没
2
有去过加拿大吗？”，其中“never”就是“从来没有”的含义，这个词如果去
掉‘n’字母变成“ever”即可以表达“从来有”也就是曾经的意思，所以把
“never”换成“ever”之后，这句话就变成了 Have you ever been to Canada?
翻译为“你以前曾经去过加拿大吗？”
因此我们根据这些内容归纳出一个固定句式“have you ever been
to……”后面添加一个名词属性的地点词，即可以表达疑问“你曾经去过某
个地方吗？”如果把 been 换成其他的 ed 形式的动词，即可以询问“你曾
经做过什么事情吗？”
下面我们在连词成句中进行练习。
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中文
英文
K.K.音标
支付
to pay
/tə/ /pe/
账单
the bill
/ðə/ /bɪl/
支付账单
to pay the bill
/tə/ /pe/ /ðə/ /bɪl/
我支付账单
I pay the bill
/aɪ/ /pe/ /ðə/ /bɪl/
支付(ed 形式)
paid
/ped/
我(已经)支付了账单
I have paid the bill
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /ped/ /ðə/ /bɪl/
老师
teacher
/‘titʃɚ/
我是一名老师
I am a teacher
/aɪ/ /æm/ /ə/ /‘titʃɚ/
be(ed 形式)
been
/bɪn/
我(已经)是一名老师了
I have been a teacher
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ə/ /‘titʃɚ/
年
year
/jɪr/
五年
five years
/faɪv/ /jɪrz/
我(已经)是一名老师五年了
I have been a teacher for five years
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /fɚ/ /faɪv/ /jɪrz/
自从……以来
since
/sɪns/
2019
twenty nineteen
/‘twɛnti/ /ˌnaɪn’tin/
我自从 2019 年(已经)是一名老师了
I have been a teacher since 2019
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /sɪns/ /‘twɛnti/ /ˌnaɪn’tin/
医生
doctor
/‘dɑktɚ/
他是一名医生
he is a doctor
/hi/ /ɪz/ /ə/ /‘dɑktɚ/
be(ed 形式)
been
/bɪn/
他(已经)是一名医生了
he has been a doctor
/hi/ /hæz/ /bɪn/ /ə/ /‘dɑktɚ/
15
fifteen
/ˌfɪfˈtin/
15 年
15 years
/ˌfɪfˈtin/ /jɪrz/
他(已经)是一名医生 15 年了
he has been a doctor for 15 years
/hi/ /hæz/ /bɪn/ /ə/ /‘dɑktɚ/ /fɚ/ /ˌfɪfˈtin/ /jɪrz/
生病的
sick
/sɪk/
他是生病的
he is sick
/hi/ /ɪz/ /sɪk/
他(已经)生病了
he has been sick
/hi/ /hæz/ /bɪn/ /sɪk/
一星期
a week
/ə/ /wik/
他(已经)生病一星期了
he has been sick for a week
/hi/ /hæz/ /bɪn/ /sɪk/ /fɚ/ /ə/ /wik/
结婚
to marry
/tə/ /‘mæri/
结婚的
married
/ˈmærid/
他们是结婚的
they are married
/ðe/ /ɚ/ /ˈmærid/
be(ed 形式)
been
/bɪn/
他们(已经)结婚了
they have been married
/ðe/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈmærid/
十年
10 years
/tɛn/ /jɪrz/
他们(已经)结婚十年了
they have been married for 10 years
/ðe/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈmærid/ /fɚ/ /tɛn/ /jɪrz/
朋友
friend
/frɛnd/
他们是朋友
they are friends
/ðe/ /ɚ/ /frɛndz/
4
他们(已经)是朋友了
they have been friends
/ðe/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /frɛndz/
自从……以来
since
/sɪns/
幼儿园
kindergarten
/ˈkɪndɚɡɑrtn/
自从幼儿园
since kindergarten
/sɪns/ /ˈkɪndɚɡɑrtn/
他们自从幼儿园(已经)是朋友了
they have been friends since kindergarten
/ðe/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /frɛndz/ /sɪns/ /ˈkɪndɚɡɑrtn/
我们是朋友
we are friends
/wi/ /ɚ/ /frɛndz/
我们(已经)是朋友了
we have been friends
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /frɛndz/
孩子
child
/tʃaɪld/
童年
childhood
/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
自从……以来
since
/sɪns/
自从童年
since childhood
/sɪns/ /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
我们自从童年(已经)是朋友了
we have been friends since childhood
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /frɛndz/ /sɪns/ /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
邻居
neighbor
/ˈnebɚ/
我们是邻居
we are neighbors
/wi/ /ɚ/ /ˈnebɚz/
我们(已经)是邻居了
we have been neighbors
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈnebɚz/
邻居
neighbor
/ˈnebɚ/
街区
neighborhood
/ˈnebɚˌhʊd/
这个街区
this neighborhood
/ðɪs/ /ˈnebɚˌhʊd/
搬家
to move
/tə/ /muv/
搬家(过去式)
moved
/muvd/
我们搬家(过去式)
we moved
/wi/ /muvd/
我们搬家到这个街区
we moved to this neighborhood
/wi/ /muvd/ /tə/ /ðɪs/ /ˈnebɚˌhʊd/
自从……以来
since
/sɪns/
自从我们搬家到这个街区
since we moved to this neighborhood
/sɪns/ /wi/ /muvd/ /tə/ /ðɪs/ /ˈnebɚˌhʊd/
两个都
both
/boθ/
自从我们两个都搬家到这个街区
since we both moved to this neighborhood
/sɪns/ /wi/ /boθ/ /muvd/ /tə/ /ðɪs/ /ˈnebɚˌhʊd/
我们(已经)是邻居了
we have been neighbors
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈnebɚz/
我们(已经)是邻居了自从我们两个都搬家到这个街区
we have been neighbors since we both moved to this neighborhood
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈnebɚz/ /sɪns/ /wi/ /boθ/ /muvd/ /tə/ /ðɪs/ /ˈnebɚˌhʊd/
在这里
here
/hɪr/
我在这里
I am here
/aɪ/ /æm/ /hɪr/
我(已经)在这里过了
I have been here
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /hɪr/
在那里
there
/ðɛr/
我在那里
I am there
/aɪ/ /æm/ /ðɛr/
我(已经)去过那里了
I have been there
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ðɛr/
在国外
abroad
/ə’brɔd/
我在国外
I am abroad
/aɪ/ /æm/ /ə’brɔd/
我(已经)去过国外
I have been abroad
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ə’brɔd/
5
地方
place
/ples/
那个地方
that place
/ðæt/ /ples/
我(已经)去过那个地方
I have been to that place
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ðæt/ /ples/
还没有
haven’t
/ˈhævnt/
我(还没有)去过那个地方
I haven’t been to that place
/aɪ/ /ˈhævnt/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ðæt/ /ples/
从来没有
never
/‘nɛvɚ/
我从来没有去过那个地方
I have never been to that place
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /‘nɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ðæt/ /ples/
墙
wall
/wɔl/
伟大的
great
/ɡret/
长城
The Great Wall
/ðə/ /ɡret/ /wɔl/
中国
China
/ˈtʃaɪnə/
中国的长城
The Great Wall of China
/ðə/ /ɡret/ /wɔl/ /əv/ /ˈtʃaɪnə/
我(已经)去过那个地方
I have been to that place
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ðæt/ /ples/
我(已经)去过中国的长城
I have been to the Great Wall of China
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ðə/ /ɡret/ /wɔl/ /əv/ /ˈtʃaɪnə/
从来没有
never
/‘nɛvɚ/
我从来没有去过中国的长城
I have never been to the Great Wall of China
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /‘nɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ðə/ /ɡret/ /wɔl/ /əv/ /ˈtʃaɪnə/
迪士尼乐园
Disneyland
/‘diznilænd/
我(已经)去过迪士尼乐园
I have been to Disneyland
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /‘diznilænd/
加州
California
/ˌkælɪˈfɔrnjə/
在加州的迪士尼乐园
Disneyland in California
/‘diznilænd/ /ɪn/ /ˌkælɪˈfɔrnjə/
我(已经)去过在加州的迪士尼乐园
I have been to Disneyland in California
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /‘diznilænd/ /ɪn/ /ˌkælɪˈfɔrnjə/
从来没有
never
/‘nɛvɚ/
我从来没有去过在加州的迪士尼乐园
I have never been to Disneyland in California
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /‘nɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /‘diznilænd/ /ɪn/ /ˌkælɪˈfɔrnjə/
日本
Japan
/dʒəˈpæn/
我(已经)去过日本
I have been to Japan
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /dʒəˈpæn/
两次
twice
/twaɪs/
我(已经)去过日本两次
I have been to Japan twice
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /dʒəˈpæn/ /twaɪs/
从来没有
never
/‘nɛvɚ/
我从来没有去过日本
I have never been to Japan
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /‘nɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /dʒəˈpæn/
加拿大
Canada
/ˈkænədə/
我从来没有去过加拿大
I have never been to Canada
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /‘nɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ˈkænədə/
你从来没有去过加拿大
you have never been to Canada
/ju/ /hæv/ /‘nɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ˈkænədə/
你从来没有去过加拿大吗？
have you never been to Canada?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘nɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ˈkænədə/
以前
before
/bɪ’fɔr/
你以前从来没有去过加拿大吗？
have you never been to Canada before?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘nɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ˈkænədə/ /bɪ’fɔr/
曾经
ever
/‘ɛvɚ/
你以前曾经去过加拿大吗？
have you ever been to Canada before?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ˈkænədə/ /bɪ’fɔr/
6
你曾经去过加拿大吗？
have you ever been to Canada?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ˈkænədə/
你曾经……吗？
have you ever been
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /bɪn/
这里
here
/hɪr/
你曾经来过这里吗？
have you ever been here?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /hɪr/
商店
store
/stɔr/
那个商店
that store
/ðæt/ /stɔr/
你曾去过那个商店吗？
have you ever been to that store?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ðæt/ /stɔr/
餐厅
restaurant
/‘rɛstrɑnt/
那个餐厅
that restaurant
/ðæt/ /‘rɛstrɑnt/
你曾经去过那家餐厅吗？
have you ever been to that restaurant?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ðæt/ /‘rɛstrɑnt/
结婚
to marry
/tə/ /‘mæri/
结婚的
married
/ˈmærid/
你曾经结过婚吗？
have you ever been married?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /ˈmærid/
吃
to eat
/tə/ /it/
吃(ed 形式)
eaten
/ˈitn/
你曾经吃过
have you ever eaten
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /ˈitn/
榴莲
durian
/ˈdʊriən/
你曾经吃过榴莲吗？
have you ever eaten durian?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /ˈitn/ /ˈdʊriən/
参加
to attend
/tə/ /əˈtɛnd/
参加(ed 形式)
attended
/əˈtɛndɪd/
你曾经参加过
have you ever attended
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /əˈtɛndɪd/
音乐会
concert
/‘kɑnsɚt/
现场的
live
/laɪv/
一个现场的音乐会
a live concert
/ə/ /laɪv/ /‘kɑnsɚt/
你曾经参加过
have you ever attended
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /əˈtɛndɪd/
你曾经参加过一个现场的音乐会吗？
have you ever attended a live concert?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /əˈtɛndɪd/ /ə/ /laɪv/ /‘kɑnsɚt/
丢掉
to lose
/tə/ /luz/
丢掉(ed 形式)
lost
/lɔst/
你曾经丢过
have you ever lost
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /lɔst/
钱包
wallet
/‘wɑlɪt/
你的钱包
your wallet
/jʊr/ /‘wɑlɪt/
你曾经丢过你的钱包吗？
have you ever lost your wallet?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /lɔst/ /jʊr/ /‘wɑlɪt/
看
to see
/tə/ /si/
看(ed 形式)
seen
/sin/
你曾经看过
have you ever seen
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /sin/
彩虹
rainbow
/ˈrenbo/
你曾经见过一个彩虹吗？
have you ever seen a rainbow?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /sin/ /ə/ /ˈrenbo/
学习
to study
/tə/ /‘stʌdi/
学习(ed 形式)
studied
/ˈstʌdid/
在国外
abroad
/ə’brɔd/
留学
studied abroad
/ˈstʌdid/ /ə’brɔd/
7
你曾经
have you ever
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/
你曾经留过学吗？
have you ever studied abroad?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /ˈstʌdid/ /ə’brɔd/
做
to make
/tə/ /mek/
做(ed 形式)
made
/med/
你曾经做过
have you ever made
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /med/
雪
snow
/sno/
雪人
snowman
/‘snomæn/
你曾经堆过雪人吗？
have you ever made a snowman?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /med/ /ə/ /‘snomæn/
你曾经去过加拿大吗？
have you ever been to Canada?
/hæv/ /ju/ /‘ɛvɚ/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ˈkænədə/
我(已经)去过加拿大
I have been to Canada
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /tə/ /ˈkænədə/
8
| 中文 | 原形 | 第三人称单数 | 过去式 | ing形式 | ed形式 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 想要 | want | wants | wanted | wanting | wanted |
| 喜欢 | like | likes | liked | liking | liked |
| 有；(+to)不得不 | have | has | had | having | had |
| 计划 | plan | plans | planned | planning | planned |
| 需要 | need | needs | needed | needing | needed |
| 做 | do | does | did | doing | done |
| 告诉 | tell | tells | told | telling | told |
| 说话 | talk | talks | talked | talking | talked |
| 是 | be(am) | is | was | being | been |
| 是 | be(is) | is | was | being | been |
| 是 | be(are) | is | were | being | been |
| 看到 | see | sees | saw | seeing | seen |
| 吃 | eat | eats | ate | eating | eaten |
| 喝 | drink | drinks | drank | drinking | drunk |
| 知道 | know | knows | knew | knowing | known |
| 忘记 | forget | forgets | forgot | forgetting | forgotten |
| 失去 | lose | loses | lost | losing | lost |
| 离开 | leave | leaves | left | leaving | left |
| 睡觉 | sleep | sleeps | slept | sleeping | slept |
| 明白 | understand | understands | understood | understand | understood |
| 买 | buy | buys | bought | buying | bought |
| 洗 | wash | washes | washed | washing | washed |
| 打电话 | call | calls | called | calling | called |
| 帮助 | help | helps | helped | helping | helped |
| 相信 | believe | believes | believed | believing | believed |
| 学习 | study | studies | studied | studying | studied |
| 解释 | explain | explains | explained | explaining | explained |
| 问 | ask | asks | asked | asking | asked |
| 飞 | fly | flies | flew | flying | flown |
| 阅读 | read | reads | read | reading | read |
| 走路 | walk | walks | walked | walking | walked |
| 跳舞 | dance | dances | danced | dancing | danced |
| 回答 | answer | answers | answered | answering | answerwd |
| 工作 | work | works | worked | working | worked |
| 待在 | stay | stays | stayed | staying | stayed |
| 支付 | pay | pays | paid | paying | paid |
| 旅行 | travel | travels | traveled | traveling | traveled |
| 给 | give | gives | gave | giving | given |
| 达到 | get | gets | got | getting | got |
| 锁 | loke | locks | locked | locking | locked |
| 记得 | remember | remenbers | remembered | remembering | remembered |
| 清理 | clean | cleans | cleaned | cleaning | cleaned |
| 找到 | find | finds | found | finding | found |
| 关闭 | close | closes | closed | closing | closed |
| 教 | teach | teaches | taught | teaching | taught |
| 展示 | show | shows | showed | showing | shown |
| 让 | let | lets | let | letting | let |
| 休息 | rest | rests | rested | resting | rested |
| 用 | use | uses | used | using | used |
| 做饭 | cook | cooks | cooked | cooking | cooked |
| 去 | go | goes | went | going | gone |
| 决定 | decide | decides | decided | deciding | decided |
| 驾驶 | drive | drives | drove | driving | driven |
| 改变 | change | changes | changed | changing | changed |
| 尝试 | try | tries | tried | trying | tried |
| 停止 | stop | stops | Stopped | stopping | stopped |
| 参加 | join | joins | joined | joining | joined |
| 邀请 | invite | invites | invited | inviting | invited |
| 拒绝 | refuse | refuses | refused | refusing | refused |
| 接受 | accept | accepts | accepted | accepting | accepted |
| 学习 | learn | learns | learnt | learning | learnt |
| 完成 | finish | finishes | finished | finishing | finished |
| 看 | watch | watches | watched | watching | watched |
| 游泳 | swim | swims | swam | swimming | swum |
| 掌握 | master | masters | mastered | mastering | mastered |
| 购物 | shop | shops | shopped | shopping | shopped |
| 等待 | wait | waits | waited | waiting | waited |
| 讨论 | discuss | discusses | Discussed | discussing | discussed |
| 面对 | face | faces | faced | facing | faced |
| 解决 | solve | solves | solved | solving | solved |
| 疑惑 | wonder | wonders | wondered | wondering | wondered |
| 递给 | hand | hands | handed | handing | handed |
| 玩 | play | plays | played | playing | played |
| 跑 | run | runs | ran | running | run |
| 挑战 | challenge | challenges | challenged | challenging | challenged |
| 希望 | hope | hopes | hoped | hoping | hoped |
| 见到 | meet | meets | met | meeting | met |
| 打开 | open | opens | opened | opening | opened |
| 认为 | think | thinks | thought | thinking | thought |
| 说话 | speak | speaks | spoke | speaking | spoken |
| 看 | look | looks | looked | looking | looked |
| 听 | hear | hears | heard | hearing | heard |
| 强迫 | force | forces | forced | forcing | forced |
| 操作 | handle | handles | handled | handling | handled |
| 握 | hold | holds | held | holding | held |
| 做 | make | makes | made | making | made |
| 承诺 | promise | promises | promised | promising | promised |
| 保持 | keep | keeps | kept | keeping | kept |
| 钓鱼 | fish | fishes | fished | fishing | fished |
| 保存 | save | saves | saved | saving | saved |
| 注意到 | notice | notices | noticed | noticing | noticed |
| 退出 | quit | quits | quit/quitted | quitting | quit/quitted |
| 抽烟 | smoke | smokes | smoked | smoking | smoked |
| 更喜欢 | prefer | prefers | preferred | preferring | preferred |
| 爱 | love | loves | loved | loving | Loved |
| 打破 | break | breaks | broke | breaking | broken |
| 享受 | enjoy | enjoys | enjoyed | enjoying | enjoyed |
| 练习 | practice | practices | practiced | practicing | practiced |
| 改善 | improve | improves | improved | improving | improved |
| 分享 | share | shares | shaed | sharing | shared |
| 假装 | pretend | pretends | pretended | pretending | pretended |
| 撒谎 | lie | lies | lied | lying | lied |
| 否认 | deny | denies | denied | denying | denied |
| 作画 | paint | paints | painted | painting | painted |
| 偷 | steal | steals | stole | stealing | stolen |
| 承认 | admit | admits | admitted | admitting | admitted |
| 避免 | avoid | avoids | avoided | avoiding | avoided |
| 感觉 | feel | feels | felt | feeling | felt |
| 复制 | copy | copies | copied | copying | copied |
| 保持 | maintain | maintains | maintained | maintaining | maintained |
| 伤害 | hurt | hurts | hurt | hurting | hurt |
| 乘坐 | take | takes | took | taking | taken |
| 保护 | protect | protects | protected | protecting | protected |
| 允许 | permit | permits | permitted | permitting | permitted |
| 禁止 | prohibit | prohibits | prohibited | prohibiting | prohibited |
| 笑 | laugh | laughs | laughed | laughing | laughed |
| 唱歌 | sing | sings | sang | singing | sung |
| 沉浸 | immerse | immerses | immersed | immersing | immersed |
| 骑自行车 | cycle | cycles | cycled | cycling | cycled |
| 参加 | attend | attends | attended | attending | attended |
| 举起 | lift | lifts | lifted | lifting | lifted |
| 设法做到 | manage | manges | managed | managing | managed |
| 写 | write | writes | wrote | writing | written |
| 克服 | overcome | overcome | overcame | overcoming | overcome |
| 访问 | visit | visits | visited | visiting | visited |
| 居住 | live | lives | lived | living | lived |
| 遗弃 | abandon | abandons | abandoned | abandoning | abandoned |
| 修理 | fix | fixes | fixed | fixing | fixed |
| 收到 | receive | receives | received | receiving | received |
| 装饰 | decorate | decorates | decorated | decorating | decorated |
| 搬家 | move | moves | moved | moving | moved |
1. 你曾经去过加州吗？
2. 你以前曾经跳过舞吗？
3. 你以前曾经见过他吗？
4. 你曾经读过这本书吗？
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