英语笔记（五十一）
前面的几节课我们主要练习的是【完成时态】和【被动语态】的结合，表达的含义是＂某个动作已经被做”。
它的形式可以表达为“have been done”，其中完成时态的表达是由have加上动词的过去分词来进行的，在这里是been这个词；被动语态的表达是be加上动词的过去分词，这里的done就是过去分词，它的原型是do。
因此我们会发现，这里的been其实是一个共用的部分，起到了承上启下的作用，它和前面的have一起表达完成时态，又和后面的done 一起表达被动语态。所以这个组合里其实出现了两个动词的ed形式，分别是been和done。
在这里使用的have，如果人称是第三人称的单数，那么需要把这个have 换成has，如果想要表达的是过去某个时间完成的，就需要使用had。这两种形式分别是【现在完成时态＋被动语态】和【过去完成时态＋被动语态】。
那么思考一下，如果想要表达【将来完成时态＋被动语态】该如何做呢？其实非常简单，我们只需要在现在完成时态的基础上添加表达“将来”含义的这个词“will”就可以了，will have been done
要注意的是，这里一定要使用have，而不是has，因为will是一个情态动词，后面必须添加动词原形。
中文
英文
K.K.音标
准备
to prepare
/ta//pri’per/
准备（ed形式）
prepared
/pri’perd/
被准备
be prepared
/bi//pri’perd/
晚餐
the dinner
/ða//‘dmna/
晚餐被准备好了
the dinner is prepared
/a//‘dina//1z//pri’perd/
已经被准备好了
has been prepared
/hæz//bin//pri’perd/
晚餐已经被准备好了
the dinner has been prepared
/da//‘dmna//hæz//bin//pri’perd/
（过去）已经被准备好了
had been prepared
/hæd//bin//pri’perd/
晚餐（过去）已经被准备好了
the dinner had been prepared
/da//‘dina//hæd//bin//pri’perd/
到达
to arrive
/ta//ə’rarv/
达到（过去）
arrived
/ə’rarvd/
客人
guest
/gεst/
那些客人
the guests
/ðə//gεsts/
那些客人到达（过去）
the guests arrived
/ðə//gεsts//ə’rarvd/
那个时候
the time
/ða//taim/
在 | by | /bai/
在那个时候
by the time
/bai//ðə//taim/
在那些客人到达（过去）的时候
by the time the guests arrived
/bai//ða//taim//ðə//gεsts//ə’rarvd/
晚餐（过去）已经被准备好了
the dinner had been prepared
/a//‘dina//had//bin//pri perd/
在客人（过去）到达的时候 晚餐（过去已经）被准备好了
the dinner had been preparedby the time the guests arrived
/ða//‘dina//hæd//bin//pri’perd//bar//ðə//taim//ðə//gεsts//ə’rarvd/
在客人到达的时候 晚餐将会已经被准备好了
the dinner will have beenprepared by the time the guestsarrive
/ða//‘dina//wil//hæv//bin//pri’perd//bai//ðə//taim//ðə//gεsts//ə’raiv/
将会已经被准备好了
will have been prepared
/wil//hæv//bin//pri’perd/
将会已经被·····
will have been
/wil//hæv//bin/
粉刷
to paint
/ta//pent/
粉刷（ed形式）
painted
/‘pentid/
被粉刷
be painted
/bi//‘pentid/
那个房子
the house
/ðə//haus/
那个房子被粉刷
the house is painted
/ðə//haos//1z//‘pentid/
将会已经被·····
will have been
/wil//hæv//bin/
将会已经被粉刷
will have been painted
/wil//hæv//bin//‘pentid/
那个房子将会已经被粉刷
the house will have beenpainted
/da//haus//wil//hæv//bin//‘pentid/
返回
to return
/ta//rr’t3-n/
我们返回
we return
/wi//r’t3-n/
假期
vacation
/ve’kefn/
从
from
/frAm/
从假期
from vacation
/frAm//ve’kefn/
我们从假期返回
we return from vacation
/wi//r’t3n//fram//ve’kefn/
时候
the time
/ða//taim/
我们从假期返回的时候
the time we return fromvacation
/da//taim//wi//ri’t3n//fram//ve’kefn/
在我们从假期返回的时候
by the time we return fromvacation
/bai//ða//taim//wi//ri’t3-n//fram//ve’kefn/
那个房子将会已经被粉刷
the house will have beenpainted
/ðə//haus//wil//hæv//bin//‘pentid/
在我们从假期返回的时候那个房子将会已经被粉刷
the house will have beenpainted by the time we returnfrom vacation
/ðə//haos//wil//hæv//bin//‘pentid//bai//ðə//taim//wi//r’t3-n//fram//ve’kefn/
邀请
to invite
/ta//in’vait/
邀请
invitation
/mvi’tefən/
那些邀请
the invitations
/ði//Invi’tefənz/
发送
to send
/ta//send/
向外
out
/aot/
发出
to send out
/ta//send//aut/
发出（ed形式）
sent out
/sent//aut/
被发出
be sent out
/bi//sent//aut/
那些邀请被发出了
the invitations are sent out
/ði//invitefənz//a//sent//aot/
将会已经被·····
will have been
/wil//hæv//bin/
将会已经被发出
will have been sent out
/wil//hæv//bin//sent//aot/
那些邀请将会已经被发出
the invitations will have beensent out
/ði//invi’tefənz//wil//hæv//bin//sent//aot/
活动
event
/r’vent/
在·····之前
before
/br’for/
在那个活动之前
before the event
/br’for//ði//r’vεnt/
在那个活动之前那些邀请将会已经被发出
the invitations will have beensent out before the event
/ði//invi’tefənz//wil//hæv//bin//sεnt//aut//br’for//ði//I’vεnt/
家具
furniture
/‘f3nitfa/
组装
to assemble
/ta//ə’sembl/
组装（ed形式）
assembled
/ə’sembld/
被组装
be assembled
/bi//ə’sembld/
家具被组装好了
the furniture is assembled
/0ə//‘f3-nitfa//1z//ə’sembld/
将会已经被·····
will have been
/wil//hæv//bin/
将会已经被组装好了
will have been assembled
/wil//hæv//bin//ə’sεmbld/
家具
the furniture
/ðə//‘fsnitfa/
家具将会已经被组装好了
the furniture will have beenassembled
/ða//‘f3nitfa//wil//hæv//bin//ə’sembld/
搬
to move
/ta//muv/
往里面
in | /m/
搬进去
to move in
/ta//muv//mn/
你搬进去
you move in
/ju//muv//mn/
在·····之前
before
/br’for/
在你搬进去之前
before you move in
/br’for//ju//muv//mn/
家具将会已经被组装好了
the furniture will have beenassembled
/da//‘f3nitfa//wil//hæv//bin//ə’sembld/
在你搬进去之前 家具将会已经被组装好了
the furniture will have beenassembled before you move in
/da//‘fs-nitfa//wil//hæv//bin//ə’sembld//br’for//ju//muv//mn/
水
water
/‘wota/
浇水
to water
/ta//‘wota/
浇水（ed形式）
watered
/‘wota-d/
被浇水
be watered
/bi//wota-d/
花园
garden
/‘gardn/
这个花园被浇水
the garden is watered
/ða//‘gardn//iz//‘wota-d/
将会已经被·····
will have been
/wil//hæv//bin/
将会已经被浇水
will have been watered
/wil//hæv//bin//‘wota-d/
这个花园将会已经被浇水了
the garden will have beenwatered
/ða//‘gardn//wil//hæv//bin//‘wotə-d/
离开
to leave
/tə//liv/
我们离开
we leave
/wi//liv/
时候
time
/taim/
在那个时候
by the time
/bai//ðə//taim/
在我们离开的那个时候
by the time we leave
/bai//ða//taim//wi//liv/
这个花园将会已经被浇水了
the garden will have beenwatered
/da//‘gardn//wil//hæv//bin//‘wotə-d/
在我们离开的那个时候 这个花园将会已经被浇水了
the garden will have beenwatered by the time we leave
/da//‘gardn//wil//hæv//bin//‘wota-d//bai//ða//taim//wi//liv/
完成
to complete
/tə//kəm’plit/
完成（ed形式）
completed
/kəm’plitid/
被完成
be completed
/bi//kəm’plitid/
项目
project
/‘prad3ekt/
那个项目被完成
the project is completed
/0ə//‘prad3ekt//iz//kəm’plitid/
将会已经被·····
will have been
/wil//hæv//bin/
将会已经被完成
will have been completed
/wil//hæv//bin//kəm’plitid/
那个项目将会已经被完成
the project will have beencompleted
/de//‘prad3εkt//wil//hæv//bin//kəm’plitid/
星期
week
/wik/
这个
this
/ðIs/
本周
this week
/ðis//wik/
末尾
end /εnd/
本周末
end of this week
/end//əv//ðis//wik/
在·····
by
/bai/
在本周末
by the end of this week
/bai//ði//εnd//əv//ðis//wik/
在·····的末尾
by the end of
/bai//ði//εnd//əv/
那个项目将会已经被完成
the project will have beencompleted
/e//‘prad3ekt//wil//hæv//bin//kəm’plitid/
在本周末 那个项目将会已经被完成
the project will have beencompleted by the end of thisweek
/ðə//‘prad3εkt//wil//hæv//bin//kəm’plitid//bai//ði//εnd//əv//ðis//wik/
提交
to submit
/tə//səb’mit/
提交（ed形式）
submitted
/səb’mitid/
被提交
be submitted
/bi//səb’mitid/
报告
report
/r’port/
那个报告被提交
the report is submitted
/ðə//r’port//Iz//səb’mitid/
将会已经被·····
will have been
/wil//hæv//bin/
将会已经被提交
will have been submitted
/wil//hæv//bin//səb’mitid/
那个报告将会已经被提交
the report will have beensubmitted
/da//rr’port//wil//hæv//bin//səb’mitid/
月
month
/mAnθ/
本月
this month
/ðIs//manθ/
末尾
end
/εnd/
在·····的末尾
by the end of
/bai//ði//εnd//əv/
在本月末
by the end of this month
/bai//ði//εnd//əv//ðIs//manθ/
那个报告将会已经被提交
the report will have beensubmitted
/a//r’port//wl//hæv//bin//səb’mitid/
在本月末，那个报告将会已经被提交
the report will have beensubmitted by the end of thismonth
/da//r’port//wil//hæv//bin//sab’mitid//bai//ði//εnd//əv//ðis//mAnθ/
| 中文 | 原形 | 第三人称单数 | 过去式 | ing 形式 | ed形式 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 想要 | want | wants | wanted | wanting | wanted |
| 喜欢 | like | likes | liked | liking | liked |
| 有；（＋to）不得不 | have | has | had | having | had |
| 计划 | plan | plans | planned | planning | planned |
| 需要 | need | needs | needed | needing | needed |
| 做 | do | does | did | doing | done |
| 告诉 | tell | tells | told | telling | told |
| 说话 | talk | talks | talked | talking | talked |
| 是 | be(am) | is | was | being | been |
| 是 | be(is) | is | was | being | been |
| 是 | be(are) | is | were | being | been |
| 看到 | see | sees | saw | seeing | seen |
| 吃 | eat | eats | ate | eating | eaten |
| 喝 | drink | drinks | drank | drinking | drunk |
| 知道 | know | knows | knew | knowing | known |
| 忘记 | forget | forgets | forgot | forgetting | forgotten |
| 失去 | lose | loses | lost | losing | lost |
| 离开 | leave | leaves | left | leaving | left |
| 睡觉 | sleep | sleeps | slept | sleeping | slept |
| 明白 | understand | understands | understood | understanding | understood |
| 买 | buy | buys | bought | buying | bought |
| 洗 | wash | washes | washed | washing | washed |
| 打电话 | call | calls | called | calling | called |
| 帮助 | help | helps | helped | helping | helped |
| 相信 | believe | believes | believed | believing | believed |
| 学习 | study | studies | studied | studying | studied |
| 解释 | explain | explains | explained | explaining | explained |
| 问 | ask | asks | asked | asking | asked |
| 飞 | fly | flies | flew | flying | flown |
| 阅读 | read | reads | read | reading | read |
| 走路 | walk | walks | walked | walking | walked |
| 跳舞 | dance | dances | danced | dancing | danced |
| 回答 | answer | answers | answered | answering | answered |
| 工作 | work | works | worked | working | worked |
| 待在 | stay | stays | stayed | staying | stayed |
| 支付 | pay | pays | paid | paying | paid |
| 旅行 | travel | travels | traveled | traveling | traveled |
| 给 | give | gives | gave | giving | given |
| 到达 | get | gets | got | getting | got |
| 锁 | lock | locks | locked | locking | locked |
| 记得 | remember | remembers | remembered | remembering | remembered |
| 清理 | clean | cleans | cleaned | cleaning | cleaned |
| 找到 | find | finds | found | finding | found |
| 关闭 | close | closes | closed | closing | closed |
| 教 | teach | teaches | taught | teaching | taught |
| 展示 | show | shows | showed | showing | shown |
| 让 | let | lets | let | letting | let |
| 休息 | rest | rests | rested | resting | rested |
| 用 | use | uses | used | using | used |
| 做饭 | cook | cooks | cooked | cooking | cooked |
| 去 | go | goes | went | going | gone |
| 决定 | decide | decides | decided | deciding | decided |
| 驾驶 | drive | drives | drove | driving | driven |
| 改变 | change | changes | changed | changing | changed |
| 尝试 | try | tries | tried | trying | tried |
| 停止 | stop | stops | stopped | stopping | stopped |
| 参加 | join | joins | joined | joining | joined |
| 邀请 | invite | invites | invited | inviting | invited |
| 拒绝 | refuse | refuses | refused | refusing | refused |
| 接受 | accept | accepts | accepted | accepting | accepted |
| 学习 | learn | learns | learnt/learned | learning | learnt/learned |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 完成 | finish | finishes | finished | finishing | finished |
| 看 | watch | watches | watched | watching | watched |
| 游泳 | swim | swims | swam | swimming | swum |
| 掌握 | master | masters | mastered | mastering | mastered |
| 购物 | shop | shops | shopped | shopping | shopped |
| 等待 | wait | waits | waited | waiting | waited |
| 讨论 | discuss | discusses | discussed | discussing | discussed |
| 面对 | face | faces | faced | facing | faced |
| 解决 | solve | solves | solved | solving | solved |
| 疑惑 | wonder | wonders | wondered | wondering | wondered |
| 递给 | hand | hands | handed | handing | handed |
| 玩 | play | plays | played | playing | played |
| 跑 | run | runs | ran | running | run |
| 挑战 | challenge | challenges | challenged | challenging | challenged |
| 希望 | hope | hopes | hoped | hoping | hoped |
| 见到 | meet | meets | met | meeting | met |
| 打开 | open | opens | opened | opening | opened |
| 认为 | think | thinks | thought | thinking | thought |
| 说话 | speak | speaks | spoke | speaking | spoken |
| 看 | look | looks | looked | looking | looked |
| 听 | hear | hears | heard | hearing | heard |
| 强迫 | force | forces | forced | forcing | forced |
| 操作 | handle | handles | handled | handling | handled |
| 握 | hold | holds | held | holding | held |
| 做 | make | makes | made | making | made |
| 承诺 | promise | promises | promised | promising | promised |
| 保持 | keep | keeps | kept | keeping | kept |
| 钓鱼 | fish | fishes | fished | fishing | fished |
| 保存 | save | saves | saved | saving | saved |
| 注意到 | notice | notices | noticed | noticing | noticed |
| 退出 | quit | quits | quit/quitted | quitting | quit/quitted |
| 抽烟 | smoke | smokes | smoked | smoking | smoked |
| 更喜欢 | prefer | prefers | preferred | preferring | preferred |
| 爱 | love | loves | loved | loving | loved |
| 打破 | break | breaks | broke | breaking | broken |
| 享受 | enjoy | enjoys | enjoyed | enjoying | enjoyed |
| 练习 | practice | practices | practiced | practicing | practiced |
| 改善 | improve | improves | improved | improving | improved |
| 分享 | share | shares | shared | sharing | shared |
| 假装 | pretend | pretends | pretended | pretending | pretended |
| 撒谎 | lie | lies | lied | lying | lied |
| 否认 | deny | denies | denied | denying | denied |
| 作画 | paint | paints | painted | painting | painted |
| 偷 | steal | steals | stole | stealing | stolen |
| 承认 | admit | admits | admitted | admitting | admitted |
| 避免 | avoid | avoids | avoided | avoiding | avoided |
| 感觉 | feel | feels | felt | feeling | felt |
| 复制 | copy | copies | copied | copying | copied |
| 保持 | maintain | maintains | maintained | maintaining | maintained |
| 伤害 | hurt | hurts | hurt | hurting | hurt |
| 乘坐 | take | takes | took | taking | taken |
| 保护 | protect | protects | protected | protecting | protected |
| 允许 | permit | permits | permitted | permitting | permitted |
| 禁止 | prohibit | prohibits | prohibited | prohibiting | prohibited |
| 笑 | laugh | laughs | laughed | laughing | laughed |
| 唱歌 | sing | sings | sang | singing | sung |
| 沉浸 | immerse | immerses | immersed | immersing | immersed |
| 骑自行车 | cycle | cycles | cycled | cycling | cycled |
| 参加 | attend | attends | attended | attending | attended |
| 举起 | lift | lifts | lifted | lifting | lifted |
| 设法做到 | manage | manages | managed | managing | managed |
| 写 | write | writes | wrote | writing | written |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 克服 | overcome | overcomes | overcame | overcoming | overcome |
| 访问 | visit | visits | visited | visiting | visited |
| 居住 | live | lives | lived | living | lived |
| 遗弃 | abandon | abandons | abandoned | abandoning | abandoned |
| 修理 | fix | fixes | fixed | fixing | fixed |
| 收到 | receive | receives | received | receiving | received |
| 装饰 | decorate | decorates | decorated | decorating | decorated |
| 搬家 | move | moves | moved | moving | moved |
| 设计 | design | designs | designed | designing | designed |
| 达到 | arrive | arrives | arrived | arriving | arrived |
| 改编 | adapt | adapts | adapted | adapting | adapted |
| 出生 | bear | bears | bore | bearing | born |
| 发送 | send | sends | sent | sending | sent |
| 出版 | publish | publishes | published | publishing | published |
| 建造 | construct | constructs | constructed | constructing | constructed |
| 修复 | repair | repairs | repaired | repairing | repaired |
| 宣布 | announce | announces | announced | announcing | announced |
| 翻译 | translate | translates | translated | translating | translated |
| 疏散 | evacuate | evacuates | evacuated | evacuating | evacuated |
| 蔓延 | spread | spreads | spread | spreading | spread |
| 停车 | park | parks | parked | parking | parked |
| 纠正 | correct | corrects | corrected | correcting | correct |
| 提交 | submit | submits | submitted | submitting | submitted |
| 卖 | sell | sells | sold | selling | sold |
| 非法入侵 | hack | hacks | hacked | hacking | hacked |
| 准备 | prepare | prepares | prepared | preparing | prepared |
| 返回 | return | returns | returned | returning | returned |
| 集合 | assemble | assembles | assembled | assembling | assembled |
| 浇水 | water | waters | watered | watering | watered |
| 完成 | complete | completes | completed | completing | completed |
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