英语笔记(五十二)

上次课中 我们已经学习了 【完成时态 】和【被动语态 】的结合, 表

达的含义是 ”某个动作已经被做 ”,它的形式可以表达为“ have been

done ”, 其中 be done 表达动作的 【被动 】,have 和 been 表达 【现在完

成】的状态,这个结构共用了 been 这个词来连接前后两个部分。

我们 先来单独看一下后面的部分, be 和 done 表达的是被动语态,

要求 be 后面添加动词的 ed 形式 。

其实我们还学习过一个类似的形式 ,是使用 be 添加动词的 ing 形

式,也就是 be doing ,所表达的含义是 【正在进行 】,那么可不可以把

完成时态和正在进行时态结合起来呢?

其实是可以的, 我们只需要把最后的 ed 动词更换为 ing 形式的动

词即可,整体表达为 have been doing 。2

相同的道理, been 也是共用的部分,也 起到了承上启下的作用,

它需要使用过去分词形式和 have 一起表达完成 ,同时 和 doing 一起表

达了正在进行 ,三个词一起构成了 现在 完成进行时态。

这听起来好像有点复杂,等一下我们多练习一下你就明白了 。

中文
英文
K.K. 音标

支付 to pay
/tə/ /pe/

支付 (ed 形式 )
paid
/ped/

被支付
be paid
/bi/ /ped/

这个账单
the bill
/ðə/ /bɪl/

这个账单被支付了
the bill is paid
/ðə/ /bɪl/ /ɪz/ /ped/

已经被支付了
has been paid
/hæs/ /bɪn/ /ped/

这个账单已经被支付了
the bill has been paid
/ðə/ /bɪl/ /hæs/ /bɪn/ /ped/

将会
will
/wɪl/

这个账单将会已经被支付
the bill will have been paid
/ðə/ /bɪl/ /wɪl/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ped/


year
/jɪr/

今年
this year
/ðɪs/ /jɪr/

末尾
the end
/ði/ /ɛnd/

今年末尾
the end of this year
/ði/ / ɛnd/ / əv/ /ðɪs/ /jɪr/

在……
by
/baɪ/

在今年年底
by the end of this year
/baɪ/ /ði/ / ɛnd/ /əv/ /ðɪs/ /jɪr/

这个账单将会已经被支付
the bill will have been paid
/ðə/ /bɪl/ /wɪl/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ped/

在今年年底 这个账单将会已经被支付
the bill will have been paid by the end of this year
/ðə/ /bɪl/ /wɪl/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ped/ /baɪ/ /ði/ /ɛnd/ /əv/ /ðɪs/ /jɪr/

打扫
to clean
/tə/ /klin/

打扫 (ing 形式 )
cleaning
/‘klinɪŋ/

正在打扫
be cleaning
/bi/ /‘klinɪŋ/

我正在打扫
I am cleaning
/aɪ/ /æm/ /‘klinɪŋ/

房间
room
/rum/

我的房间
my room
/maɪ/ /rum/

我正在打扫我的房间
I am cleaning my room
/aɪ/ /æm/ /‘klinɪŋ/ /maɪ/ /rum/

我一直在打扫我的房间
I have been cleaning my room
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘klinɪŋ/ /maɪ/ /rum/

从……起
since
/sɪns/

早上 8 点
8 a.m
/et/ /e/ / ɛm/

从早上 8 点起
since 8 a.m
/sɪns/ /et/ /e/ /ɛm/

从早上 8 点起我就一直在打扫 我的房间
I have been cleaning my room since 8 a.m
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /b ɪn/ /‘klin ɪŋ/ /ma ɪ/ /rum/ /sɪns/ /et/ /e/ / ɛm/

一直在做
have been doing
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈduɪŋ/

居住
to live
/tə/ /lɪv/

居住 (ing 形式 )
living
/ˈl ɪvɪŋ/

一直在做
have been doing
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈduɪŋ/

一直居住
have been living
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

城市
city
/‘sɪti/

这个城市
this city
/ðɪs/ /‘sɪti/

在这个城市里
in this city
/ɪn/ /ðɪs/ /‘sɪti/

一直居住在这个城市里
have been living in this city
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ / ɪn/ /ðɪs/ /‘sɪti/

我一直居住在这个城市里
I have been living in this city
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ðɪs/ /‘sɪti/

从……起
since
/sɪns/

从 2015 年起
since 2015
/sɪns/ /‘twɛnti/ /fɪfˈtin/

从 2015 年起我就一直居住在这个城市里
I have been living in this city since 2015

/aɪ/ /hæv/ /b ɪn/ /ˈl ɪvɪŋ/ / ɪn/ /ðɪs/ /‘sɪti/ /sɪns/ /‘twɛnti/ /fɪfˈtin/

工作
to work
/tə/ /wɝk/


home
/hom/


from
/frʌm/

从家里
from home
/frʌm/ /hom/

居家办公
to work from home
/tə/ /wɝk/ /frʌm/ /hom/

工作 (ing 形式 )
working
/ˈw ɝkɪŋ/

一直在做
have been doing
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈduɪŋ/

一直在工作
have been working
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈwɝkɪŋ/

一直在居家办公
have been working from home
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈwɝkɪŋ/ /frʌm/ /hom/

我一直在居家办公
I have been working from home
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈwɝkɪŋ/ /frʌm/ /hom/

开始
to start
/tə/ /stɑrt/

开始 (过去 )
started /stɑrtɪd/

疫情
pandemic
/pæn’dɛmɪk/

疫情开始
the pandemic started
/ðə/ /pæn’d ɛmɪk/ /stɑrtɪd/

从……起
since
/sɪns/

从疫情开始起
since the pandemic started
/sɪns/ /ðə/ /pæn’d ɛmɪk/ /stɑrtɪd/

我一直在居家办公
I have been working from home
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈwɝkɪŋ/ /frʌm/ /hom/

从疫情开始起我就一直在居家办公
I have been working from home since the pandemic started
/aɪ/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈwɝkɪŋ/ /frʌm/ /hom/ /sɪns/ /ðə/ /pæn’dɛmɪk/ /stɑrtɪd/


to play
/tə/ /ple/

玩(ing 形式 )
playing
/‘ple ɪŋ/

一直在做
have been doing
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈduɪŋ/

一直在玩
have been playing
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘pleɪŋ/

视频
video /‘vɪdɪo/

游戏
games
/ɡemz/

电子游戏
video games
/‘vɪdɪo/ / ɡemz/

玩电子游戏
to play video games
/tə/ /ple/ /‘vɪdɪo/ / ɡemz/

一直在玩电子游戏
have been playing video games
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘pleɪŋ/ /‘vɪdɪo/ / ɡemz/

他一直在玩电子游戏
he has been playing video games
/hi/ /hæs/ /bɪn/ /‘pleɪŋ/ /‘vɪdɪo/ / ɡemz/

到达
to get
/tə/ /ɡɛt/


home
/hom/

到家
to get home
/tə/ /ɡɛt/ /hom/

学校
school
/skul/


from
/frʌm/

从学校
from school
/frʌm/ /skul/

从学校到家
to get home from school
/tə/ /ɡɛt/ /hom/ /frʌm/ /skul/

到达 (过去 )
got
/ɡɑt/

从学校到家 (过去 )
got home from school
/ɡɑt/ /hom/ /frʌm/ /skul/

他放学回家
he got home from school
/hi/ / ɡɑt/ /hom/ /frʌm/ /skul/

从……起
since
/sɪns/

自从他放学回家起
since he got home from school
/sɪns/ /hi/ / ɡɑt/ /hom/ /frʌm/ /skul/

他一直在玩电子游戏
he has been playing video games
/hi/ /hæs/ /bɪn/ /‘pleɪŋ/ /‘vɪdɪo/ / ɡemz/

从他放学回家起他就一直在玩电子游戏
he has been playing video games since he got home from school
/hi/ /hæs/ /bɪn/ /‘pleɪŋ/ /‘vɪdɪo/ / ɡemz/ /sɪns/ /hi/ /ɡɑt/ /hom/ /frʌm/ /skul/

居住
to live
/tə/ /lɪv/

居住 (ing 形式 )
living
/ˈlɪvɪŋ/

一直在做
have been doing
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈduɪŋ/

一直居住
have been living
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈl ɪvɪŋ/

公寓
apartment
/əˈpɑrtmənt/

这个公寓
this apartment
/ðɪs/ / əˈpɑrtmənt/

在这个公寓里
in this apartment
/ɪn/ /ðɪs/ / əˈpɑrtmənt/

一直居住在这个公寓里
have been living in this apartment
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈl ɪvɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ðɪs/ /əˈpɑrtmənt/

他们一直居住在这个公寓里
they have been living in this apartment
/ðe/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈl ɪvɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ðɪs/ /əˈpɑrtmənt/

结婚
to marry
/tə/ /‘mæri/

已婚的
married
/ˈmærid/

他们是已婚的
they are married
/ðe/ /ɚ/ /ˈmærid/

他们结婚了
they got married
/ðe/ / ɡɑt/ /ˈmærid/

1
they are married
/they got married 1

从……起
since
/sɪns/

从他们结婚起
since they got married
/sɪns/ /ðe/ / ɡɑt/ /ˈmærid/

他们一直居住在这个公寓里
they have been living in this apartment

/ðe/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈl ɪvɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ðɪs/ /əˈpɑrtmənt/

从他们结婚起他们就一直居住在这个公寓里
they have been living in this apartment since they got married
/ðe/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈl ɪvɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ðɪs/ /əˈpɑrtmənt/ /sɪns/ /ðe/ /ɡɑt/ /ˈmærid/


to wait
/tə/ /wet/

等(ing 形式 )
waiting
/‘wetɪŋ/

一直在做
have been doing
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /ˈduɪŋ/

一直在等
have been waiting
/hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/

我们一直在等
we have been waiting
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/

快递
the delivery
/ðə/ /dɪˈlɪvəri/

我们一直在等快递
we have been waiting for the delivery
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/ /fɚ/ /ðə/ /dɪˈlɪvəri/

下午
afternoon
/æftɚ’nun/

今天下午
this afternoon
/ðɪs/ /æft ɚ’nun/

从……起
since
/sɪns/

从今天下午起
since this afternoon
/sɪns/ /ðɪs/ /æft ɚ’nun/

我们一直在等快递
we have been waiting for the delivery

/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/ /fɚ/ /ðə/ /dɪˈlɪvəri/

从今天下午起我们就一直在等快递
we have been waiting for the delivery since this afternoon
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/ /fɚ/ /ðə/ /dɪˈlɪvəri/ /sɪns/ /ðɪs/ /æft ɚ’nun/

我们一直在等……
we have been waiting for
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/ /fɚ/


the rain
/ðə/ /ren/

我们一直在等雨
we have been waiting for the rain
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/ /fɚ/ /ðə/ /ren/


to stop
/tə/ /stɑp/

我们一直在等雨停
we have been waiting for the rain to stop
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/ /fɚ/ /ðə/ /ren/ /tə/ /stɑp/

到达
to arrive
/tə/ /ə’raɪv/

到达 (过去 )
arrived
/ə’raɪvd/

我们 (过去 )到达
we arrived
/wi/ / ə’raɪvd/

从……起
since
/sɪns/

从我们到了之后
since we arrived
/sɪns/ /wi/ / ə’raɪvd/

我们一直在等雨停
we have been waiting for the rain to stop
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/ /fɚ/ /ðə/ /ren/ /tə/ /stɑp/

从我们到了之后我们就一直在等雨停
we have been waiting for the rain to stop since we arrived
/wi/ /hæv/ /bɪn/ /‘wetɪŋ/ /fɚ/ /ðə/ /ren/ /tə/ /stɑp/ /sɪns/ /wi/ /ə’raɪvd/

中文 原形 第三人称单数 过去式 ing 形式 ed形式
想要 want wants wanted wanting wanted
喜欢 like likes liked liking liked
有;(+to)不得不 have has had having had
计划 plan plans planned planning planned
需要 need needs needed needing needed
do does did doing done
告诉 tell tells told telling told
说话 talk talks talked talking talked
be(am) is was being been
be(is) is was being been
be(are) is were being been
看到 see sees saw seeing seen
eat eats ate eating eaten
drink drinks drank drinking drunk
知道 know knows knew knowing known
忘记 forget forgets forgot forgetting forgotten
失去 lose loses lost losing lost
离开 leave leaves left leaving left
睡觉 sleep sleeps slept sleeping slept
明白 understand understands understood understanding understood
buy buys bought buying bought
wash washes washed washing washed
打电话 call calls called calling called
帮助 help helps helped helping helped
相信 believe believes believed believing believed
学习 study studies studied studying studied
解释 explain explains explained explaining explained
ask asks asked asking asked
fly flies flew flying flown
阅读 read reads read reading read
走路 walk walks walked walking walked
跳舞 dance dances danced dancing danced
回答 answer answers answered answering answered
工作 work works worked working worked
待在 stay stays stayed staying stayed
支付 pay pays paid paying paid
旅行 travel travels traveled traveling traveled
give gives gave giving given
到达 get gets got getting got
lock locks locked locking locked
记得 remember remembers remembered remembering remembered
清理 clean cleans cleaned cleaning cleaned
找到 find finds found finding found
关闭 close closes closed closing closed
teach teaches taught teaching taught
展示 show shows showed showing shown
let lets let letting let
休息 rest rests rested resting rested
use uses used using used
做饭 cook cooks cooked cooking cooked
go goes went going gone
决定 decide decides decided deciding decided
驾驶 drive drives drove driving driven
改变 change changes changed changing changed
尝试 try tries tried trying tried
停止 stop stops stopped stopping stopped
参加 join joins joined joining joined
邀请 invite invites invited inviting invited
拒绝 refuse refuses refused refusing refused
接受 accept accepts accepted accepting accepted
学习 learn learns learnt/learned learning learnt/learned
完成 finish finishes finished finishing finished
watch watches watched watching watched
游泳 swim swims swam swimming swum
掌握 master masters mastered mastering mastered
购物 shop shops shopped shopping shopped
等待 wait waits waited waiting waited
讨论 discuss discusses discussed discussing discussed
面对 face faces faced facing faced
解决 solve solves solved solving solved
疑惑 wonder wonders wondered wondering wondered
递给 hand hands handed handing handed
play plays played playing played
run runs ran running run
挑战 challenge challenges challenged challenging challenged
希望 hope hopes hoped hoping hoped
见到 meet meets met meeting met
打开 open opens opened opening opened
认为 think thinks thought thinking thought
说话 speak speaks spoke speaking spoken
look looks looked looking looked
hear hears heard hearing heard
强迫 force forces forced forcing forced
操作 handle handles handled handling handled
hold holds held holding held
make makes made making made
承诺 promise promises promised promising promised
保持 keep keeps kept keeping kept
钓鱼 fish fishes fished fishing fished
保存 save saves saved saving saved
注意到 notice notices noticed noticing noticed
退出 quit quits quit/quitted quitting quit/quitted
抽烟 smoke smokes smoked smoking smoked
更喜欢 prefer prefers preferred preferring preferred
love loves loved loving loved
打破 break breaks broke breaking broken
享受 enjoy enjoys enjoyed enjoying enjoyed
练习 practice practices practiced practicing practiced
改善 improve improves improved improving improved
分享 share shares shared sharing shared
假装 pretend pretends pretended pretending pretended
撒谎 lie lies lied lying lied
否认 deny denies denied denying denied
作画 paint paints painted painting painted
steal steals stole stealing stolen
承认 admit admits admitted admitting admitted
避免 avoid avoids avoided avoiding avoided
感觉 feel feels felt feeling felt
复制 copy copies copied copying copied
保持 maintain maintains maintained maintaining maintained
伤害 hurt hurts hurt hurting hurt
乘坐 take takes took taking taken
保护 protect protects protected protecting protected
允许 permit permits permitted permitting permitted
禁止 prohibit prohibits prohibited prohibiting prohibited
laugh laughs laughed laughing laughed
唱歌 sing sings sang singing sung
沉浸 immerse immerses immersed immersing immersed
骑自行车 cycle cycles cycled cycling cycled
参加 attend attends attended attending attended
举起 lift lifts lifted lifting lifted
设法做到 manage manages managed managing managed
write writes wrote writing written
克服 overcome overcomes overcame overcoming overcome
访问 visit visits visited visiting visited
居住 live lives lived living lived
遗弃 abandon abandons abandoned abandoning abandoned
修理 fix fixes fixed fixing fixed
收到 receive receives received receiving received
装饰 decorate decorates decorated decorating decorated
搬家 move moves moved moving moved
设计 design designs designed designing designed
达到 arrive arrives arrived arriving arrived
改编 adapt adapts adapted adapting adapted
出生 bear bears bore bearing born
发送 send sends sent sending sent
出版 publish publishes published publishing published
建造 construct constructs constructed constructing constructed
修复 repair repairs repaired repairing repaired
宣布 announce announces announced announcing announced
翻译 translate translates translated translating translated
疏散 evacuate evacuates evacuated evacuating evacuated
蔓延 spread spreads spread spreading spread
停车 park parks parked parking parked
纠正 correct corrects corrected correcting correct
提交 submit submits submitted submitting submitted
sell sells sold selling sold
非法入侵 hack hacks hacked hacking hacked
准备 prepare prepares prepared preparing prepared
返回 return returns returned returning returned
集合 assemble assembles assembled assembling assembled
浇水 water waters watered watering watered
完成 complete completes completed completing completed

欢迎光临本站!


本站主要记录一些个人所学的内容。



英语笔记(五十二)
http://example.com/2025/03/30/英语笔记(五十二)/
作者
dzq88
发布于
2025年3月30日
许可协议