英语笔记（三十九）

我们本节课的学习重点，是互为反义词的两个词，分别是“允许”

permit，以及“禁止”prohibit。我们已经知道，一个句子如果已经有了

一个动词作为主要动词，那么后面想要再连接其他的动词，这个新连接

的动词需要变化一下形式，这个形式可以是 to 加动词原形的不定式，

或者是动词的 ing 形式。

在这节课中，我们学习的这两个动词都是添加 ing 形式的动词，用

来表示“允许”或者“禁止”的是某种行为，而不是特定的某个人做的

动作。举个例子，The teacher permits singing in the music class.含义为

老师允许在音乐课唱歌。在这里，老师所允许的是唱歌的这个行为，而

不是允许特定的某个同学唱歌，如果想要表达后者，这句话就变成了这

样：The teacher permits this student to sing in the music class.在这里，

老师允许的是“这个学生”唱歌的这个动作，所以用的是 to sing 这种

不定式的形式。而“禁止”prohibit 这个动作的使用方法和 permit 还是

有区别的，我们会在下面的课程里学到。

1

中文
英文
K.K.音标

问
to ask
/tə/ /æsk/

问题
questions
/‘kwɛstʃənz/

问问题
to ask questions
/tə/ /æsk/ /‘kwɛstʃənz/

时间
time
/taɪm/

任何
any
/‘ɛni/

任何时间
any time
/‘ɛni/ /taɪm/

在任何时间
at any time
/ət/ /‘ɛni/ /taɪm/

随时提问
to ask questions at any time
/tə/ /æsk/ /‘kwɛstʃənz/ /ət/ /‘ɛni/ /taɪm/

随时提问(ing 形式)
asking questions at any time
/ˈæskɪŋ/ /‘kwɛstʃənz/ /ət/ /‘ɛni/ /taɪm/

允许
to permit
/tə/ /pɚˈmɪt/

老师
the teacher
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/

老师允许
the teacher permits
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/

老师允许随时提问
the teacher permits asking questions at any time
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /ˈæskɪŋ/ /‘kwɛstʃənz/ /ət/ /‘ɛni/ /taɪm/

家
home
/hom/

从
from
/frʌm/

从家里
from home
/frʌm/ /hom/

工作
to work
/tə/ /wɝk/

从家里工作
to work from home
/tə/ /wɝk/ /frʌm/ /hom/

周五
Friday
/ˈfraɪde/

在周五
on Friday
/ɑn/ /ˈfraɪde/

在周五居家办公
to work from home on Fridays
/tə/ /wɝk/ /frʌm/ /hom/ /ɑn/ /ˈfraɪdez/

在周五居家办公(ing 形式)
working from home on Fridays
/ˈwɝkɪŋ/ /frʌm/ /hom/ /ɑn/ /ˈfraɪdez/

允许
to permit
/tə/ /pɚˈmɪt/

公司
the company
/ðə/ /ˈkʌmpəni/

公司允许
the company permits
/ðə/ /ˈkʌmpəni/ /pɚˈmɪts/

公司允许在周五居家办公
the company permits working from home on Fridays
/ðə/ /ˈkʌmpəni/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /ˈwɝkɪŋ/ /frʌm/ /hom/ /ɑn/ /ˈfraɪdez/

音乐
music
/‘mjuzɪk/

听
to listen
/tə/ /‘lɪsn/

听音乐
to listen to music
/tə/ /‘lɪsn/ /tə/ /‘mjuzɪk/

打破
to break
/tə/ /brek/

休息
break
/brek/

在……期间
during
/‘dʊrɪŋ/

在休息期间
during the break
/‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /brek/

在休息期间听音乐
to listen to music during the break
/tə/ /‘lɪsn/ /tə/ /‘mjuzɪk/ /‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /brek/

在休息期间听音乐(ing 形式)
listening to music during thebreak
/‘lɪsnɪŋ/ /tə/ /‘mjuzɪk/ /‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /brek/

允许
to permit
/tə/ /pɚˈmɪt/

老师
the teacher
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/

2

老师允许
the teacher permits
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/

老师允许在休息期间听音乐
the teacher permits listening to music during the break
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘lɪsnɪŋ/ /tə/ /‘mjuzɪk/ /‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /brek/

玩
to play
/tə/ /ple/

游戏
games
/ɡemz/

玩游戏
to play games
/tə/ /ple/ /ɡemz/

玩游戏(ing 形式)
playing games
/ˈpleɪŋ/ /ɡemz/

听音乐(ing 形式)
listening to music
/‘lɪsnɪŋ/ /tə/ /‘mjuzɪk/

或者
or
/ɔr/

听音乐或者玩游戏(ing 形式)
listening to music or playing games
/‘lɪsnɪŋ/ /tə/ /‘mjuzɪk/ /ɔr/ /ˈpleɪŋ/ /ɡemz/

老师允许在休息期间听音乐或者玩游戏
the teacher permits listening to music or playing games during the break
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘lɪsnɪŋ/ /tə/ /‘mjuzɪk/ /ɔr/ /ˈpleɪŋ/ /ɡemz/ /‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /brek/

在……期间
during
/‘dʊrɪŋ/

测验
test
/tɛst/

在这个测验期间
during the test
/‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /tɛst/

使用
to use
/tə/ /juz/

计算器
calculator
/ˈkælkjuletɚ/

使用计算器
to use calculators
/tə/ /juz/ /ˈkælkjuletɚz/

使用计算器(ing 形式)
using calculators
/‘juzɪŋ/ /ˈkælkjuletɚz/

允许
to permit
/tə/ /pɚˈmɪt/

老师允许
the teacher permits
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/

老师允许使用计算器
the teacher permits using calculators
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘juzɪŋ/ /ˈkælkjuletɚz/

在这个测验期间
during the test
/‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /tɛst/

老师允许在这个测验期间使用计算器
the teacher permits using calculators during the test
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘juzɪŋ/ /ˈkælkjuletɚz/ /‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /tɛst/

喝
to drink
/tə/ /drɪŋk/

水
water
/‘wɔtɚ/

喝水
to drink water
/tə/ /drɪŋk/ /‘wɔtɚ/

测试
test
/tɛst/

血液
blood
/blʌd/

血液测试
the blood test
/ðə/ /blʌd/ /tɛst/

在……之前
before
/bɪ’fɔr/

在血液测试之前
before the blood test
/bɪ’fɔr/ /ðə/ /blʌd/ /tɛst/

在血液测试之前喝水
to drink water before the blood test
/tə/ /drɪŋk/ /‘wɔtɚ/ /bɪ’fɔr/ /ðə/ /blʌd/ /tɛst/

在血液测试之前喝水(ing 形式)
drinking water before the blood test
/‘drɪŋkɪŋ/ /‘wɔtɚ/ /bɪ’fɔr/ /ðə/ /blʌd/ /tɛst/

允许
to permit
/tə/ /pɚˈmɪt/

医生
the doctor
/ðə/ /‘dɑktɚ/

医生允许
the doctor permits
/ðə/ /‘dɑktɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/

3

医生允许喝水
the doctor permits drinking water
/ðə/ /‘dɑktɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘drɪŋkɪŋ/ /‘wɔtɚ/

医生允许在血液测试之前喝水
the doctor permits drinking water before the blood test
/ðə/ /‘dɑktɚ/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘drɪŋkɪŋ/ /‘wɔtɚ/ /bɪ’fɔr/ /ðə/ /blʌd/ /tɛst/

驾驶 to drive
/tə/ /draɪv/

驾驶(ing 形式)
driving
/‘draɪvɪŋ/

允许
to permit
/tə/ /pɚˈmɪt/

政策
policy
/ˈpɑləsi/

政策允许
the policy permits
/ðə/ /ˈpɑləsi/ /pɚˈmɪts/

政策允许驾驶
the policy permits driving
/ðə/ /ˈpɑləsi/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘draɪvɪŋ/

执照
license
/ˈlaɪsns/

有效的
valid
/ˈvælɪd/

一个有效的执照
a valid license
/ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

拥有
have
/hæv/

你拥有
you have
/ju/ /hæv/

你拥有一个有效的执照
you have a valid license
/ju/ /hæv/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

如果
if
/ɪf/

如果你拥有一个有效的执照
if you have a valid license
/ɪf/ /ju/ /hæv/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

政策允许驾驶
the policy permits driving
/ðə/ /ˈpɑləsi/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘draɪvɪŋ/

政策允许开车如果你拥有一个有效的执照
the policy permits driving if you have a valid license
/ðə/ /ˈpɑləsi/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘draɪvɪŋ/ /ɪf/ /ju/ /hæv/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

旅行
to travel
/tə/ /‘trævl/

出国
abroad
/ə’brɔd/

出国旅行
to travel abroad
/tə/ /‘trævl/ /ə’brɔd/

出国旅行(ing 形式)
traveling abroad
/‘trævlɪŋ/ /ə’brɔd/

允许
to permit
/tə/ /pɚˈmɪt/

政策
policy
/ˈpɑləsi/

政策允许
the policy permits
/ðə/ /ˈpɑləsi/ /pɚˈmɪts/

政策允许出国旅行
the policy permits traveling abroad
/ðə/ /ˈpɑləsi/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘trævlɪŋ/ /ə’brɔd/

护照
passport
/‘pæspɔrt/

有效的
valid
/ˈvælɪd/

一个有效的护照
a valid passport
/ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /‘pæspɔrt/

你拥有
you have
/ju/ /hæv/

你拥有一个有效的护照
you have a valid passport
/ju/ /hæv/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /‘pæspɔrt/

如果你拥有一个有效的护照政策允许出国旅行
if you have a valid passport the policy permits traveling abroad
/ɪf/ /ju/ /hæv/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /‘pæspɔrt/ /ðə/ /ˈpɑləsi/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘trævlɪŋ/ /ə’brɔd/

政策允许出国旅行如果你拥有一个有效的护照
the policy permits traveling abroad if you have a valid passport
/ðə/ /ˈpɑləsi/ /pɚˈmɪts/ /‘trævlɪŋ/ /ə’brɔd/ /ɪf/ /ju/ /hæv/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /‘pæspɔrt/

抽烟
to smoke
/tə/ /smok/

抽烟(ing 形式)
smoking
/ˈsmokɪŋ/

4

允许
to permit
/tə/ /pɚˈmɪt/

我们允许
we permit
/wi/ /pɚˈmɪt/

我们允许抽烟
we permit smoking
/wi/ /pɚˈmɪt/ /ˈsmokɪŋ/

我们不允许抽烟
we don’t permit smoking
/wi/ /dont/ /pɚˈmɪt/ /ˈsmokɪŋ/

办公室
office
/‘ɑfɪs/

在办公室里
in the office
/ɪn/ /ði/ /‘ɑfɪs/

我们不允许在办公室里抽烟
we don’t permit smoking in the office
/wi/ /dont/ /pɚˈmɪt/ /ˈsmokɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ði/ /‘ɑfɪs/

禁止
to prohibit
/tə/ /prəˈhɪbɪt/

我们禁止
we prohibit
/wi/ /prəˈhɪbɪt/

在办公室里抽烟(ing 形式)
smoking in the office
/ˈsmokɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ði/ /‘ɑfɪs/

我们禁止在办公室里抽烟
we prohibit smoking in the office
/wi/ /prəˈhɪbɪt/ /ˈsmokɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ði/ /‘ɑfɪs/

公共场所
public
/ˈpʌblɪk/

在公共场所
in public
/ɪn/ /ˈpʌblɪk/

我们禁止在公共场所抽烟
we prohibit smoking in public
/wi/ /prəˈhɪbɪt/ /ˈsmokɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ˈpʌblɪk/

禁止
to prohibit
/tə/ /prəˈhɪbɪt/

法律
the law
/ðə/ /lɔ/

法律禁止
the law prohibits
/ðə/ /lɔ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/

执照
license
/ˈlaɪsns/

有效的
valid
/ˈvælɪd/

一个有效的执照
a valid license
/ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

驾驶
to drive
/tə/ /draɪv/

和……一起
with
/wɪð/

和一个有效的执照一起驾驶
to drive with a valid license
/tə/ /draɪv/ /wɪð/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

不和……一起
without
/wɪð’aʊt/

无证驾驶
to drive without a valid license
/tə/ /draɪv/ /wɪð’aʊt/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

无证驾驶(ing 形式)
driving without a valid license
/‘draɪvɪŋ/ /wɪð’aʊt/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

禁止
to prohibit
/tə/ /prəˈhɪbɪt/

法律
the law
/ðə/ /lɔ/

法律禁止
the law prohibits
/ðə/ /lɔ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/

法律禁止无证驾驶
the law prohibits driving without a valid license
/ðə/ /lɔ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/ /‘draɪvɪŋ/ /wɪð’aʊt/ /ə/ /ˈvælɪd/ /ˈlaɪsns/

禁止
to prohibit
/tə/ /prəˈhɪbɪt/

老师
the teacher
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/

老师禁止
the teacher prohibits
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/

家庭作业
homework
/‘homwɝk/

复制
to copy
/tə/ /ˈkɑpɪ/

抄作业
to copy homework
/tə/ /ˈkɑpɪ/ /‘homwɝk/

其他人
others
/‘ʌðɚz/

从……那里
from
/frʌm/

从其他人那里
from others
/frʌm/ /‘ʌðɚz/

从其他人那里抄作业
to copy homework from others
/tə/ /ˈkɑpɪ/ /‘homwɝk/ /frʌm/ /‘ʌðɚz/

5

从其他人那里抄作业(ing 形式)
copying homework from others
/ˈkɑpɪɪŋ/ /‘homwɝk/ /frʌm/ /‘ʌðɚz/

老师禁止
the teacher prohibits
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/

老师禁止从其他人那里抄作业
the teacher prohibits copying homework from others.
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/ /ˈkɑpɪɪŋ/ /‘homwɝk/ /frʌm/ /‘ʌðɚz/

老师禁止
the teacher prohibits
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/

说话
to talk
/tə/ /tɔk/

笑
to laugh
/tə/ /læf/

或者
or
/ɔr/

说话或者笑
to talk or to laugh
/tə/ /tɔk/ /ɔr/ /tə/ /læf/

说笑(ing 形式)
talking or laughing
/‘tɔkɪŋ/ /ɔr/ /‘læfɪŋ/

测验
test
/tɛst/

在……期间
during
/‘dʊrɪŋ/

在这个测验期间
during the test
/‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /tɛst/

在这个测验期间说笑(ing 形式)
talking or laughing during the test
/‘tɔkɪŋ/ /ɔr/ /‘læfɪŋ/ /‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /tɛst/

老师禁止
the teacher prohibits
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/

老师禁止在这个测验期间说笑
the teacher prohibits talking or laughing during the test
/ðə/ /‘titʃɚ/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/ /‘tɔkɪŋ/ /ɔr/ /‘læfɪŋ/ /‘dʊrɪŋ/ /ðə/ /tɛst/

禁止
to prohibit
/tə/ /prəˈhɪbɪt/

学校
the school
/ðə/ /skul/

学校禁止
the school prohibits
/ðə/ /skul/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/

吃
to eat
/tə/ /it/

喝
to drink
/tə/ /drɪŋk/

吃或者喝
to eat or to drink
/tə/ /it/ /ɔr/ /tə/ /drɪŋk/

吃喝(ing 形式)
eating or drinking
/‘itɪŋ/ /ɔr/ /‘drɪŋkɪŋ/

课程
class
/klæs/

房间
room
/rum/

教室
classroom
/‘klæsrum/

在教室里
in the classroom
/ɪn/ /ðə/ /‘klæsrum/

在教室里吃喝(ing 形式)
eating or drinking in the classroom
/‘itɪŋ/ /ɔr/ /‘drɪŋkɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ðə/ /‘klæsrum/

学校禁止
the school prohibits
/ðə/ /skul/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/

学校禁止在教室里吃喝
the school prohibits eating or drinking in the classroom
/ðə/ /skul/ /prəˈhɪbɪts/ /‘itɪŋ/ /ɔr/ /‘drɪŋkɪŋ/ /ɪn/ /ðə/ /‘klæsrum/

6

中文	原形	第三人称单数	过去式	ing形式	ed形式
想要	want	wants	wanted	wanting	wanted
喜欢	like	likes	liked	liking	liked
有；(+to)不得不	have	has	had	having	had
计划	plan	plans	planned	planning	planned
需要	need	needs	needed	needing	needed
做	do	does	did	doing	done
告诉	tell	tells	told	telling	told
说话	talk	talks	talked	talking	talked
是	be(am)	is	was	being	been
是	be(is)	is	was	being	been
是	be(are)	is	were	being	been
看到	see	sees	saw	seeing	seen
吃	eat	eats	ate	eating	eaten
喝	drink	drinks	drank	drinking	drunk
知道	know	knows	knew	knowing	known
忘记	forget	forgets	forgot	forgetting	forgotten
失去	lose	loses	lost	losing	lost
离开	leave	leaves	left	leaving	left
睡觉	sleep	sleeps	slept	sleeping	slept
明白	understand	understands	understood	understand	understood
买	buy	buys	bought	buying	bought
洗	wash	washes	washed	washing	washed
打电话	call	calls	called	calling	called
帮助	help	helps	helped	helping	helped
相信	believe	believes	believed	believing	believed
学习	study	studies	studied	studying	studied
解释	explain	explains	explained	explaining	explained
问	ask	asks	asked	asking	asked
飞	fly	flies	flew	flying	flown
阅读	read	reads	read	reading	read
走路	walk	walks	walked	walking	walked
跳舞	dance	dances	danced	dancing	danced
回答	answer	answers	answered	answering	answerwd
工作	work	works	worked	working	worked
待在	stay	stays	stayed	staying	stayed
支付	pay	pays	paid	paying	paid
旅行	travel	travels	traveled	traveling	traveled
给	give	gives	gave	giving	given
达到	get	gets	got	getting	got
锁	loke	locks	locked	locking	locked
记得	remember	remenbers	remembered	remembering	remembered
清理	clean	cleans	cleaned	cleaning	cleaned
找到	find	finds	found	finding	found
关闭	close	closes	closed	closing	closed
教	teach	teaches	taught	teaching	taught
展示	show	shows	showed	showing	shown
让	let	lets	let	letting	let
休息	rest	rests	rested	resting	rested
用	use	uses	used	using	used
做饭	cook	cooks	cooked	cooking	cooked
去	go	goes	went	going	gone
决定	decide	decides	decided	deciding	decided
驾驶	drive	drives	drove	driving	driven
改变	change	changes	changed	changing	changed
尝试	try	tries	tried	trying	tried
停止	stop	stops	Stopped	stopping	stopped
参加	join	joins	joined	joining	joined
邀请	invite	invites	invited	inviting	invited
拒绝	refuse	refuses	refused	refusing	refused
接受	accept	accepts	accepted	accepting	accepted
学习	learn	learns	learnt	learning	learnt
完成	finish	finishes	finished	finishing	finished
看	watch	watches	watched	watching	watched
游泳	swim	swims	swam	swimming	swum
掌握	master	masters	mastered	mastering	mastered
购物	shop	shops	shopped	shopping	shopped
等待	wait	waits	waited	waiting	waited
讨论	discuss	discusses	Discussed	discussing	discussed
面对	face	faces	faced	facing	faced
解决	solve	solves	solved	solving	solved
疑惑	wonder	wonders	wondered	wondering	wondered
递给	hand	hands	handed	handing	handed
玩	play	plays	played	playing	played
跑	run	runs	ran	running	run
挑战	challenge	challenges	challenged	challenging	challenged
希望	hope	hopes	hoped	hoping	hoped
见到	meet	meets	met	meeting	met
打开	open	opens	opened	opening	opened
认为	think	thinks	thought	thinking	thought
说话	speak	speaks	spoke	speaking	spoken
看	look	looks	looked	looking	looked
听	hear	hears	heard	hearing	heard
强迫	force	forces	forced	forcing	forced
操作	handle	handles	handled	handling	handled
握	hold	holds	held	holding	held
做	make	makes	made	making	made
承诺	promise	promises	promised	promising	promised
保持	keep	keeps	kept	keeping	kept
钓鱼	fish	fishes	fished	fishing	fished
保存	save	saves	saved	saving	saved
注意到	notice	notices	noticed	noticing	noticed
退出	quit	quits	quit/quitted	quitting	quit/quitted
抽烟	smoke	smokes	smoked	smoking	smoked
更喜欢	prefer	prefers	preferred	preferring	preferred
爱	love	loves	loved	loving	Loved
打破	break	breaks	broke	breaking	broken
享受	enjoy	enjoys	enjoyed	enjoying	enjoyed
练习	practice	practices	practiced	practicing	practiced
改善	improve	improves	improved	improving	improved
分享	share	shares	shaed	sharing	shared
假装	pretend	pretends	pretended	pretending	pretended
撒谎	lie	lies	lied	lying	lied
否认	deny	denies	denied	denying	denied
作画	paint	paints	painted	painting	painted
偷	steal	steals	stole	stealing	stolen
承认	admit	admits	admitted	admitting	admitted
避免	avoid	avoids	avoided	avoiding	avoided
感觉	feel	feels	felt	feeling	felt
复制	copy	copies	copied	copying	copied
保持	maintain	maintains	maintained	maintaining	maintained
伤害	hurt	hurts	hurt	hurting	hurt
乘坐	take	takes	took	taking	taken
保护	protect	protects	protected	protecting	protected
允许	permit	permits	permitted	permitting	permitted
禁止	prohibit	prohibits	prohibited	prohibiting	prohibited
笑	laugh	laughs	laughed	laughing	laughed

1. 老师允许在音乐课唱歌或者跳舞。

2. 政策禁止日落之后在大海里游泳。

---

欢迎光临本站！

---

本站主要记录一些个人所学的内容。

---